My six posting

Hai...How are you? I hope you always happy and enjoy your life but i know that there are a lot of works you do,isn't right? Do not worry if you have interest what you do, I am sure that you get Successful in your works. As for me, I am also busy to prepare my final exam but i never forget to do my blogs because I think when I blogging I can share my experience and meet a lot of friends in my blog. So, this is my six posting in my blog and i want to share my experience during i am blogging. I hope you will enjoy and please give your cemment in my blog so that I can improve my skill when I am blogging.

1.Do you think that blogging activity improves your writing skill?

Yes, I think that blogging activity improves my writing skill.In my opinion, I think that when I’m blogging my writing skill will improves. This is because I can learn English grammatical structures and add my vocabularies. Besides that, the blogging activity is a good method to help student learn their writing skill because there are many activities such as we can put our diaries, pictures, video, and so on in our blog. I think that I can shares my information to other peoples and used the writing skill so that the people feel enjoy blogging in my blog. Other than that, the blogging activities are not to put my diaries but I can meet many people with their comments in my blog. I also can learn how to attract other peoples to blogging my blog and the first thing that I supposed to do is the content or themes in each my postings. I am also learning to planning, drafting, re-drafting, and editing before the final work is produced. So, I can improve my writing skill because the written work published in the webblog develops the writing and not only does critical thinking.

2. Do you think that blog is a useful learning experience for you?

Yes, the blog is a useful learning experience for me. In my views, the blog is a weblog that teaching students to find the various autonomous resources such as online exercises, documents, and course information. Other than that, the blog also suitable as a a class website. On the other hand, I think that it very useful to me as a tool to improve my learning skill especially to learn about the ICT. The blog is very useful to me because I can explore and create it with my own creativity. Besides that, I feel enjoy to blogging because this is the first time I use the blog as my journal or diaries. Although, I feel difficult to do the blog but with the lecturer and friend’s help, I can do my blog very well. I think that the blog is very interesting as the practical for student who wants to master in ICT. It’s not only as a practical in the class but we can use the blog as our online diaries and can communicate with other peoples in the world. We can shares and discuss any problems in the blog. After we graduated soon, we still can use the blog to communicate with our lecturer and friends, and our relationship still going on forever and ever. We also can promote something in our blog, for example we can tell the peoples about the hometown. In additions, some blogs are useful to get the money because some company will put their advertisement in our blog and we can received the royalties depends to the agreement. Other than that, I think that the blog also very effective to master in ICT because it combined many skills such as writing skills, reading skills, and so on. The blog become our own website and many people will blogging our blog. So, we can meet many peoples all over the world and can improve our communication skills.

3. What do you think that you need to know before you can complete the blogging activity successfully.

I think I must use the strategies or any instructions that the lecturer given in learning care so that I can complete my blog. Firstly, I must know what the topic that I want to discuss in my blog. Secondly, I must find the supporting idea to support the main idea. I must to analyze the information in some resources such as in internet, journals, references book and so on. Then, I make summary about the topic and posting it in my blog. But I can add or edit the information everytime. By follow the instruction that given by lecturer, I can complete my blogging successfully.


4. What are your problems that you face using blog.

My problems when I am using blog are I did not have much times to put my blogs everyday because I’m busy to do my assignments, attend classes and have discussion group. Other than that, the wireless connection in my college also very low and it need times to connect the wireless. Other than that, this is my first time to blogging and I did not have a lot of skill to using blog but I am feel enjoy and can get a new experience in my life as a student. I feel that when I am blogging I can learn about the ICT and it encourage me to do my blog. Besides that, I must to edit first any blogs before posting them in my blogger and I need times to do my blogs

5. Will you tell your friends, recommend to others about blogging?

Yes, I will tell my friends about blogging. I want tell them that bogging is very interesting and suitable for all peoples. Other than that, I also tell them what the benefit of blogging and they give a positive responds. I encourage them to make their blogs in www.blogger.com . They also agreed with me that the blogs is very enjoyable and add their knowledge about ICT. I am sure that they also can get a lot of knowledge when they are blogging. Other than that, my friends tell me that they were enjoy blogging. They also can improve their skill in computer and we always shares our experience and give comments in our blog.

6. Now that you are able to blog online will you continue using it even after the SKBP is over?

Yes, i still to blog online after the SKBP is over because my blog still online and I can meet my lecture and friends in my blogg. I hope so that I will continued my blog even though I am graduate soon because I can shares my activities with other peoples. I am very interest to do this course and until now I know that the blog as a good method to learn about ICT. I still do my blog after i graduate soon and this is one way to build a good relationship with my friends. I want to thanksgivinig to God that although I feel very difficult to my blog but Datin Norizan as my lecture always encourage with her comments and I get a lot knowledge to improve my blog. Thank you again Datin Dr.Norizan for your help and only God will bless you and I hope that after this we become more close each other.

Lastly, I want to apologize with all my faults and please forgive me if I do mistake in my blog. I hope that we as a student of ELS 2007/2008 will be more concentrate in our studies and do not forget to blogging because we can put many things in our blog and we can shares our experience with other people. I want to say ‘THANK YOU’ to Datin Dr.Norizan as the lecture of Language and ICT 2007/2008 for your advises and your teaching in this course. You’re a kindly and sweet lecture. I am sorry if I make you sad or angry. I am sorry so much Dr. I pray that you will be success in your works and keep smile. I also want to thank you for my nice friends that also help me to do my blog. You all so great and gud luck in your final exam soon. Thank tou so much and I hope to meet you again in next semester.

My five posting:ONLINE TEST

Hai, hope you in the pink.

Today, i already taken the online test on 1st/04/2007 at lab computer,PPBL and this is my result of the inline quiz.

1. Results for Florina Mathew
Electronic Malaysian English Competency Test - Reading Test (Set 1)
Score: 21 out of 35 - 60%
Time Taken: 45m 48s
Online Quiz Results :: Kemahiran Asas ICT
Your Score : 21/30

2. Online Quiz Results Summary
Your #Attempts : 1
Total Class #Attempts : 584
Your Quiz Score : 21/30
Your Highest Score Ever : 21

Firstly, I feel easy and enjoy during take this online test and however I did not have much time to complete my quiz but I’ll do the best for my online quiz. I know that this is very important and provides me a lot of knowledge about Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Online test is a good method to gain knowledge about ICT. In my views, online test make our works easy and we did not feel difficult to waste time. For example,if we are at New Zealand but we can take the online test with using Internet. We just click the website and do our quiz.

Other than that, I think online test provides a lot of benefits such as for student and lecturer, they can save times and energy. This is because the computer will give marks and we can know the result at the same time. So, we can save our times and also can get experience about using ICT. Now, students can take MUET and TOFEL by the online test. Firstly, we must have the user-name and password to register the Online Test. We must answer about 90 second for one question.


Who uses this online testing, quiz service?

The online test will do at Schools, colleges, and universities and it can save hours of tedious marking and reporting. The whole process of creating a class quiz is greatly simplified. Just create the test and launch it by passing a simple web link to your students by email or any other method (even writing it on a display board) .

Besides that, according to Online language proficiency assessment in OTL book explain that the English language competency test are very useful as the information that guide and inform in their placement of language training modules. Test isb guided by the communicative competence theoretical construct, “Target language use domain framework” (Bachman & Palmer,1997). UKM produced the ICT blueprint to equip its staff for K-economic and globalization ( Aziz Deraman & Syahrul Fahmi,2003).The objectives UKM strategic plan for 2000-2020 are to spearhead the campus ICT agenda by upgrading the ICT literacy and culture activities, to establish efficient management and service system, to upgrade training and staff development program and to prepare lifelong learning for all.

On the other hand, Online Test are specifications to three aspect such as Test, content, and format and Timing. In test aspect refer to information on content, criteria levels of performance and scoring procedures. The content is the kinds of written texts such as grammar and vocabulary for English proficiency, domain language use, and instructional language control. Lastly, the format and timing explain about the conversational cloze, and cloze-type test.

The anvantages of online test.

Online is how today’s students live. You talk to your friends online. You research your homework online. You get your music online . We can communicate with my lecture with online.

Study when you want. Let’s face it – you’re busy! Studying online allows you to maximize your time by fitting it into your schedule. Whether you have a couple of hours or only 15 minutes, it’s easy to log on and take a lesson or review a past quiz. There are no classes to attend, no books to buy, and no software to install. You can access the program anywhere there is a computer connected to the Internet. With 100% pure online, you can study at home, at school, at the library – early or late, during the week or on weekends, even in your pajamas! Study what you want.Unlike classroom learning, where we have to sit through review of subjects that already know, with the online tess we can skim what we know and use our time to work on the areas that we find challenging.

Study how you want. We all learn differently. With the online test start is up to you. You can start by reviewing a lesson or taking a quiz. You can skim the slides or listen to the entire lesson. There is no need to flip through books to find the information you need, all it takes is a click. Online prep isn’t static like a book – moving slides, narrated lessons, and automated quizzes – being online is the next best thing to having a personal tutor to help you – and at a fraction of the cost. With 100% pure online, you study the way that works best for you. With online test, we can approach our preparation the way WE learn best. Learn in our own place, at our own pace.

The fourth posting:Concordance

Hai, how do you do? I hope you in the pink and nice to meet you again in my blog. I hope that you will be enjoy and get a lot of information. Today, I want to talk about the concordance and we know that the concordance is very interesting to learn among students. So, I hope that you can enjoy blogging and thank you for you attention.

What is the concordance?
In my views, the concordance means the same words or lexical that provides differences meaning or function in the sentences. Other than that, a concordance also is an alphabetical list of the principal words used in a book or body of work, with their immediate contexts. Because of the time and difficulty and expense involved in creating a concordance in the pre-computer era, only works of special importance, such as the Bible, Qur'an or the works of Shakespeare, had concordances prepared for them.

Even with the use of computers, producing a concordance (whether on paper or in a computer) may require much manual work, because they often include additional material, including commentary on, or definitions of, the indexed words, and topical cross-indexing that is not yet possible with computer-generated and computerized concordances.

However, when the text of a work is on a computer, a search function can carry out the basic task of a concordance, and is in some respects even more versatile than one on paper. A bilingual concordance is a concordance based on aligned parallel text. A topical concordance is a list of subjects that a book (usually The Bible) covers, with the immediate context of the coverage of those subjects. Unlike a traditional concordance, the indexed word does not have to appear in the verse. The most well known topical concordance is Nave's Topical Bible.

The first concordance, to the Vulgate Bible, was compiled by Hugo de Saint Charo (d.1262), who employed 500 monks to assist him. In 1448 Rabbi Mordecai Nathan completed a concordance to the Hebrew Bible. It took him ten years. 1599 saw a concordance to the Greek New Testament published by Henry Stephens and the Septuagint was done a couple of years later by Conrad Kircher in 1602. The first concordance to the English bible was published in 1550 by Mr Marbeck, according to Cruden it did not employ the verse numbers devised by Robert Stephens in 1545 but "the pretty large concordance" of Mr Cotton did. Then followed the notorious Cruden's Concordance and Strong's Concordance

In additions, I want to sum up the using concordances to investigate language development by Arshad Abd. Samad from Universiti Putra Malaysia in OTL book. Nowadays, The language corpus that we used now become a basic of dictionariesa and teaching materials. So, the concordance software become the important materials in our ICT course. This software can give information to analyzing language data and greatly extend the potential of a corpus in language teaching and learning. It also can help students to look at the semantically of language as an interesting linguistics puzzle.

There are several links about the concordance:

1. http://www.clancyfaq.com/

2. http://www.pjonline.com/

3. http://www.iei.uiuc.edu/

4. http://www.edict.com/

5. http://exikhouse.com/

Lastly, I hope you will enjoy blogging and may God bless you.

My advertisement

Hello everybody?, how are you? Hope you are in the pink and thank you for you attention to see my blog.Happy blogging.

Today, i want to talk about my advertisement and it about house for sale in Mutiara Puchong.

Advertising is a one-way communication whose purpose is to inform potential customers about products and services and how to obtain them. Every major medium is used to deliver these messages, including: television, radio, movies, magazines, newspapers, video games, the Internet (see Internet advertising), and billboards. Advertising is often placed by an advertising agency on behalf of a company. Advertisements can also be seen on the seats of grocery carts, on the walls of an airport walkway, on the sides of buses, heard in telephone hold messages and in-store public address systems. Advertisements are usually placed anywhere an audience can easily and/or frequently access visuals and/or audio.

Some organizations which frequently spend large sums of money on advertising but do not strictly sell a product or service to the general public include: political parties, interest groups, religion-supporting organizations, and militaries looking for new recruits. Additionally, some non-profit organizations are not typical advertising clients and rely upon free channels, such as public service announcements. Advertising spending has increased dramatically in recent years. In the United States alone in 2006, spending on advertising reached $155 billion, reported TNS Media Intelligence That same year, according to a report titled Global Entertainment and Media Outlook: 2006-2010 issued by global accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers, worldwide advertising spending was $385 billion. The accounting firm's report projected worldwide advertisement spending to exceed half-a-trillion dollars by 2010. While advertising can be seen as necessary for economic growth, it is not without social costs. Unsolicited Commercial Email and other forms of spam have become so prevalent as to have become a major nuisance to users of these services, as well as being a financial burden on internet service providers. Advertising is increasingly invading public spaces, such as schools, which some critics argue is a form of child exploitation.

What is advertisement:
1. a paid announcement, as of goods for sale, in newspapers or magazines, on radio or television, etc.
2. a public notice, esp. in print.
3.The action of making generally known; a calling to the attention of the public: The news of this event will receive wide advertisement.

4. The act of advertising.
5. A notice, such as a poster or a paid announcement in the print, broadcast, or electronic media, designed to attract public attention or patronage.

The most common method for measuring the impact of mass media advertising is the use of the rating point (rp) or the more accurate target rating point (trp). These two measures refer to the percentage of the universe of the existing base of audience members that can be reached by the use of each media outlet in a particular moment in time. The difference between the two is that the rating point refers to the percentage to the entire universe while the target rating point refers to the percentage of a particular segment or target. This becomes very useful when focusing advertising efforts on a particular group of people. One of the reasons advertising is successful is because it can target a particular audience to build awareness of what the advertiser has to offer.

Besides that,Advertising has gone through five major stages of development: domestic, export, international, multi-national, and global. For global advertisers, there are four, potentially competing, business objectives that must be balanced when developing worldwide advertising: building a brand while speaking with one voice, developing economies of scale in the creative process, maximising local effectiveness of ads, and increasing the company’s speed of implementation. Born from the evolutionary stages of global marketing are the three primary and fundamentally different approaches to the development of global advertising executions: exporting executions, producing local executions, and importing ideas that travel. (Global marketing Management, 2004, pg 13-18)

Advertising research is key to determining the success of an ad in any country or region. The ability to identify which elements and/or moments of an ad that contributes to its success is how economies of scale are maximised. Once one knows what works in an ad, that idea or ideas can be imported by any other market. Market research measures, such as Flow of Attention, Flow of Emotion and branding moment provide insight into what is working in an ad in any country or region because the measures are based on the visual, not verbal, elements of the ad. (Young, p.131)

This is my sample of advertisement and it is about house for sale. The house is a lakeside terrace. The lakeside terrace promotion will be held on 26 & 27 Jan 2008 about 10:00am to 6:00pm at site behind Tesco. The Phase 3, 22’ x 80’, RM 20, 000 Discount and the price from RM 361, 584. There are some privilege about the lakeside terrace. It have gated community with 24-hour security acre park with community facilities abound, Bumi lots released, newly coplleted with CF and ample amenities: Tesco,IOI Mall, Gaint & Commercial. For more information, please call, Intan (016 6679935), Chris (012 2812881), Kok Wei (012 2911972).

There are several links to find any information about advertisement;

1. http://www.metacafe.com/

2. www.azentec.com/advertisement.html

3. http://www.ishaenterprises.com/

4. www.bca.gov.sg/Advertisement/ad_licence.html

5. http://www.hasbro.com/
6. www.sinchew-i.com/

7. http://www.fullhouse.com.my/

8. http://www.thebangladeshtoday.com/

9. http://www.stumbleupon.com/

10. http://www.advertisement-city.com/

I hope that you will be enjoy blogging my blog and see you next posting.May God bless you.

Third posting: The impact of using ICT/wireless technology in education.

Hello everyone, i hope you in the pink and nice to meet you again in my third posting.

Today, i want to discuss about the impact of using ICT/wireless technology in education. What is ICT? According to ww.w.tutor2u.net, ICT is an acronym that stands for Information Communications Tecnology.
However, apart from explaining an acronym, there is not a universally accepted defininition of ICT? Why? Because the concepts, methods and applications involved in ICT are constantly evolving on an almost daily basis. Its difficult to keep up with the changes - they happen so fast.
ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information electronically in a digital form. For example, personal computers, digital television, email, robots.


So what the impact of using ICT/wireless technology in education?. we know that now the education is very different because the system of learning in school or university are depends of using ICT or Information and communiciations technology.

Education is the process of acquiring knowledge. Many schools and companies equip labs and classroom with computers. Some school or university requires students to have a notebook computer or PDA to access the school’s network or Internet wirelessly.

In addition, according to the journal of proceedings of the International Academy for Information Management (IAIM) Annual Conference: International Conference on Informatics Education & Research (ICIER) (16th, New Orleans, Louisiana, December 14-16, 2001). This journal explains the student learning styles and distance learning with using ICT and we know that ICT can improve the student learning. Now, the education depends of ICT to arrange the material of teaching in classroom and so on.

Other than that, according to the journal of the effective combination of hybrid usability methods in evaluating educational applications of ICT explains the Issues and challenges in education aspect for using ICT. Various classes of teaching and learning systems are discussed in terms of technologies used and pedagogical approaches. Their usability is analyzed according to various dimensions and the impact of system usability on the learning effectiveness is studied. We argue that various classes of ICTE applications such as multimedia/hypermedia applications, open educational environments and CSCL environments, based on different theoretical perspectives, require fundamentally different approaches in evaluating their usability. Other than that, this journal also explain the strategy to overcome challenges in teaching an introductory MIS Course and we know that the ICT provide a lot of impact in education.

Besides that, according to the journal of E-Learning: Teaching and Professional Development with the Internet by Lai, Kok Wing, and Ed explain the "Professional Development: Too Little, Too Generic?" (Kwok-Wing Lai); "Professional Development for ICT-Using Teachers" (Keryn Pratt, Kwok-Wing Lai, and Philip Munro); "Online Learning: An Alternative Way of Providing Professional Development for Teachers" (Ann Trewern and Kwok-Wing Lai); "Developing an ICT Plan for Professional Development" (Ross Alexander, Janice Wilson, and Stephen Hovell); "The World Wide Web: Educational Resources for Teachers and Students" (Ann Trewern); "Development and Evaluation of Websites: A Case Study" (Stephen Hovell, Sharon Nicholson, and Stephen Fletcher); "Classroom Adventures: Supporting Technology Integration for Classroom Teachers with Online Collaborative Projects" (Ann Trewern); "The Wired School: Legal, Ethical and Social Issues" (Anne Elliot); "Dealing with Inappropriate Materials on the Internet: Strategies for Teachers and Parents" (Kwok-Wing Lai); and "Professional Development Needs for Health and Safety: Issues with Computer Use" (Kwok-Wing Lai). This journal talk about how the ICT help the teaching and learning skill so that it more interesting and the student will understand easily.

Despite the growing body of evidence on the impact of ICT use on learners, whether it will deliver its potential depends to a large extent on how teachers use ICT within the teaching and learning process. As the evidence shows impacting on teachers’ practice have been proven to be a difficult endeavour. Whereas teachers estimate a high impact of ICT on learning and learning outcomes, the perceived impact on teaching methodologies is seen much more moderate. Most progress has been made in recent years in raising teachers’ positive attitude towards ICT by realising its value for learning through more experience and embedded use. Teachers increasingly use ICT to prepare their work more efficiently and achieve time gains.

There is also evidence of changes in roles of teachers either forced by the technology itself or more actively steered by teachers. In changing the teacher–student relationship, as part of the new educational paradigm, the most difficult process for teachers is to give up control and have more trust in students planning their work independently. On the other spectrum, there are many theories and studies describing the profound implications of ICT for education: education can be transformed using ICT which brings new capabilities and capacities to learning. For example, ICT has the potential enabling teachers and students to construct rich multi-sensory, interactive environments with almost unlimited teaching and learning potential.

A high proportion of studies of the impact of ICT do not focus on student attainment as measured by attainment tests, but rather on what might be called secondary or indirect variables such as motivation, concentration, cognitive processing, reading comprehension and critical thinking. The evaluation shows that multimedia and interactive content on interactive whiteboards is engaging and motivating, particularly for primary pupils, and that students pay more attention during lessons thanks to the stimulating nature of the presentation.

Other benefits have been identified including motivation and engagement, independent learning and autonomy and key or core skills such as collaborative learning and communication, all of which can contribute to improved knowledge, understanding and skills. This can, in turn, have an impact upon attainment.

In addition, investigations into the use of mobile technologies, including laptops (in and out of school), personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile phones and tablets, are becoming more numerous, with enthusiastic advocates citing evidence of a range of potential benefits. The generic term ‘palmtop computers’ to encompass a range of small, mobile computer technologies, including those specifically referred to as palmtop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), pocket PC-based handheld computers, some specialised handheld devices, e-book readers, dictionaries and spell-checkers and graphical calculators (see the glossary of specialist terms at the end of their report). Tablets tend to be larger, while laptops are larger still.

The use of PDAs provided opportunities to learn that addressed pupils’ preferred learning approaches, they allowed simple and quick ways of securing work and they enabled pupils to share their work with various audiences, including publishing on the Web (NESTA Futurelab, 2004). A general principle that has emerged from the research is that the technology should mediate the learning but it should in itself present no barrier to learning, being as simple to operate and as intuitive as possible.

At present, the evidence of impact on intermediate outcomes such as motivation and behaviour is more compelling. The use of ICT seems to engage pupils, resulting in more on-task behaviour, greater persistence and deeper understanding. Appropriately deployed, ICT appears to support and encourage greater collaborative activity, inquiry or problem-based learning and independent study.

In conclusion, the impact of information and communications technologies on learning and teaching has identified a number of themes which have been used to provide the framework for reporting. Some of the studies were tightly focused on specific technologies and their impact on learning and/or teaching, while others looked for evidence of impact on the outcomes of the learning process, such as engagement with learning, motivation and, ultimately, achievement, across a range of technologies. Some researchers sought evidence of the impact of one or more technologies when used with specific groups of learners, such as those with special needs, the disaffected or those who, due to lifestyle, are more difficult to reach with conventional educational provision. Other studies looked more broadly at the impact on the context in which learning takes place and the wider role of the teacher with regard to planning, preparation and administration. In addition, the role of ICT in developing teachers’ confidence and competence was investigated, as well as the impact that the integration of ICT might have on teachers’ pedagogies.

There are several links about the impact of using ICT/wireless technology in education.
1. http://www.jiti.com/
2. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B27741655
3. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37896
4. http://partners.becta.org.uk/
5. http://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/
6. http://becta.org.uk/
7. http://scirus.com/
8. http://www.iaim.org/.
9. http://www.isbs.com/reviews.
10. http://www.mcgraw-hill.co.uk/openupusa/html/0335213995.htmy

Thank you for you attention in my blog and i hope that you can enjoy blogging my blog. Thank you and may God bless you.

Computer Assisted Writing

Hello…nice to meet you again in my blogs, I hope you in the pink and thank you for your attention especially in my blog.

I want to thanksgiving God because I can did my first posting and thank you for Professor Madya Datin Dr. Norizan Abdul Razak for your comment that I receive last week in tutorial at 10am to 12pm. Other than that, I hope that I will do best of and will take the initiative from your comment so that my blogs is more established and attractive. I want to talk about my second posting about Computer Assisted writing. Latterly, the world has undergone a paradigm shift that already given much impact to human life especially in cyber world now. We know that the computer programs are interactive and provided immediate feedback. According to Online and Offline Writing Course in OTL book, the online writing encourages the student to be a critical thinking and it’s handled on-site. Other than that, in Online Mode there are four hours of on site sessions and two flexible hours. In this mode, student can gain their information on the techniques, theory, and mechanics of writing. In addition, students must participate the chat room to discuss about the online module. The offline writing course has three hours of lecture and three hours tutorials whereas the lecturer must be attend for lecture and teach the student with the techniques, theory and mechanics of writing as required in the module.

On the other hand, the online writing can help students improve their computing skills but the offline student did better in their end of semester exam because they have an extra week to discuss with their lecturer about the exam, which focused mainly on citation skills. Besides that, the lecturer also spent to interact their students. According to research in the Online and Offline Writing Course (OTL) at the International Islamic University Malaysia, the offline students get T-test for equality of mean (463) = 0.015, p < 0.05 and their final exam, t (463) = 0.000, p < 0.05. Nevertheless, the Online students have a confidence computer to manage their learning skills. Computer programs for writing help students with developing ideas, organizing, outlining, and brainstorming. Templates provide a framework and reduce the physical effort spent on writing so that students can pay attention to organization and content. The example at the right, similar to the program Inspiration, demonstrates how a student has organized her writing. Her topic is the Chesapeake Bay. She thinks about three main ideas for her topic: food, fun, and jobs. Next, she adds supporting details for each of her three main ideas.

Now she can compose her paragraph. Programs like Inspiration or Kidspiration are fun because students can use pictures, change the shape or colors of the circles, and change the chart into an outline. In computer Programs for writing there are Word prediction, speesh-to-text, text-to-speech, spell-checker, and Thesaurus. Word processors are excellent tools for students who find handwriting tedious. Often, students with disabilities have difficulty with all the requirements for the writing process. They have trouble organizing their thoughts and then retaining those thoughts long enough to put them on paper. Their handwriting must be neat enough and their spelling and grammar correct enough to convey their message, tasks that they may find difficult. But before word-processing can save time during the actual writing process, students must know how to type and how to use the computer. Typing speeds may be slower without proper instruction in typing; slower typing may lead to less quality and shorter length in writing assignments (MacArthur, 2000; MacArthur, Ferretti, Okolo, & Cavalier, 2001).

If students cannot type fluently or must search for letters and numbers, the process may be slower than handwriting. Examples of computer programs that assist students in the writing process are listed in the box at left. If students are taught to type early in elementary school and taught to use these programs, the writing process can become less frustrating. This is not to say that students should not be taught how to spell and to use proper grammar. Students can learn to use these programs to increase the speed from thought to paper to make the process less stressful for them. It can increase their vocabulary and their attitude toward writing. Students with disabilities may actually find they enjoy the writing process. There are several website that can help you to find some information about the computer assisted writing and how the computer can improve our writing skill:

In addition, i want to discuss about software, what is software? according to Whatis. com, Software is a general term for the various kinds of programs used to operate computers and related devices. (The term hardware describes the physical aspects of computers and related devices.) Software can be thought of as the variable part of a computer and hardware the invariable part. Software is often divided into application software (programs that do work users are directly interested in) and system software (which includes operating systems and any program that supports application software). The term middleware is sometimes used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software (for example, sending a remote work request from an application in a computer that has one kind of operating system to an application in a computer with a different operating system).

Software is often divided into two categories:
systems software : Includes the operating system and all the utilities that enable the computer to function. System software includes compilers, loaders, and debuggers.
applications software : Includes programs that do real work for users. For example, word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems fall under the category of applications software. It (also called end-user programs) includes database programs, word processors, and spreadsheets. Figuratively speaking, applications software sits on top of systems software because it is unable to run without the operating system and system utilities.

Besides that, i want to take one example of software and it is presentation software. According to Bitpipe.com, Presentation software (sometimes called "presentation graphics") is a category of application program used to create sequences of words and pictures that tell a story or help support a speech or public presentation of information. Some very popular presentation software, such as Microsoft's Powerpoint and Lotus's Freelance Graphics, are sold stand-alone or

can come as part of office-oriented suites or packages of software.

In education aspect, the Micrososoft presentation software is a good method to convey any information so that its more clearly and interesting.

Presentation Software: PowerPoint and Persuasion
Presentation software such as Microsoft Powerpoint and Adobe Persuasion are sophisticated programs for assembling and arranging graphics, text, video, and sound. Both programs produce applications that can be shown in a classroom or run by students in the media lab or on the web. Presentation software is relatively easy to learn and use.


Links to learn more about:
Persuasion: (Adobe has announced that it has discontinued Persuasion as of 1 Sept 1997. Technical support will still be available to registered users.)
Persuasion Hints and Tips
Powerpoint:
Microsoft PowerPoint Home Page
Microsoft's Tips for Effective Presentations
PowerPoint Tips
Compadre CD-ROM for Microsoft PowerPoint for Windows 95
Designing Visuals in PowerPoint for Television Presentations
Solutions: Apps put business demos in motion
PC Magazine's Presentation Graphics: Show Business
Suggestions for Computer Based Presentations
Acadia's PowerPoint Resource Center
Using LaserGraphics Print-to-Film Service (from University of Kansas) with...
Macintosh PowerPoint v3.0
Macintosh PowerPoint v4.0
Windows PowerPoint 3.0
Windows PowerPoint 4.0
Macintosh Persuasion 3.0
Windows Persuasion 3.0

Graphics: Freehand, Photoshop, and Extreme 3D
Macromedia Freehand: The basic building block of all multimedia application is the graphic image itself. Macromedia Freehand (like its rival, Adobe Illustrator) is a sophisticated drawing program that permits you to merge acquired image and text in almost pattern or position you can imagine. You can flow text around an outline (see below) or create posters or flyers as if you were Toulouse Lautrec. You can save images in formats suitable for the web or for use in other applications.

Adobe Photoshop: Photoshop manipulates, rather than creates, images. You use it to touch up scanned graphics by enhancing their brightness or contrast, to change a graphic's size or shape, or to convert it to different computer formats. It is the ultimate touch-up program, the one you use to doctor photos and sell to the National Enquirer or the Star.

Extreme 3D: Extreme 3D creates 3D images for use on the web or in other applications. It permits you to draw or import a shape or image and model it: that is, trace a kind of wire frame around the shape with which you are working. Once you have traced the shape, you can add texture to it, and light it, as if you were a movie director, and then make it move across a predetermined path. Producing 3D images is a satisfying, albeit highly time-consuming, task. For a quick tutorial on what's involved, see the 3D Animation Workshop.

Links to learn more about:
Photoshop
Photoshop Web References
Professional Software Engineering Photoshop Hotlinks A particularly good place to start!
Photoshop tutorial
Tips and Examples:
Adobe's Tips & Techniques
Tips for Photoshop
Kai's Power Tips and Tricks for Photoshop
Graphics Design's Photoshop Tips & Tricks
Laurie McCannas' Photoshop Tips page
Photoshopped Dingbats
Tips and samples available at: Image Alchemy
Scanning
Sullivan's Online Scanning Resources Website
The Scanning FAQ
Digital Photography
The Digital Imaging FAQ
Photorealistic computer imaging An informative site with detailed explanations of digital imaging and scanning.
The annual, international digital photography exhibits for 1994-1997
The benefits of digital photography
World Wide Arts Resources: Digital Photography
Kodak's digtal photography site
How Optimize your GIF in Photoshop
Instant Images for Your Computer
Digital Video: Adobe Premiere
Adobe Premiere: With Adobe Premiere you can edit and/or create digital videos (both Quicktime or AVI) for use on their own, in Powerpoint, Authorware, or on the Web. An educator can quickly string together a series of scanned still images (say a series of photographs of the Civil War), apply a filter to them that pans an imaginary camera across the image, add a few cannon explosions to the sound track and, voila, you've turned yourself into a Ken Burns. Premiere is a sophisticated but accessible program, which is often overlooked by those seeking to create dynamic images for use in classroom or lab. It is loaded with filters to produce special effects.

To learn more:
Adobe is the manufacturer of Premiere.
Tips & Techniques for Adobe Premiere.
Bob Currier's very useful, brief articles:
Video Digitizing Tips & Tricks.
New Tools for the Digital Video Handyman.
Is the Internet ready for video?.
Catching the Digital Video Wave with the Wakeboard.
Tips & Techniques for Creating Quick Animated Movies in Photoshop and Premiere
NewMedia Magazine's Overview of Digital Video and Audio.
Desktop Video-Editing Software

So, we know that the computer give a lot of benefit and it help to increased our quality life so that we can do our work easy and more enjoyable. Other than that, it also can help to improve our writing skill especially in English language. By doing this, we also can improve our English grammar and get more knowledge from computer assisted writing.

There are several links about computer assisted writing:
1. http://www.ohiolink.edu/
2. http://www.scsu.edu/
3. http://www.ericdigests.org/
4. http://www.aclweb.org/
5. http://www.cwrl.utexas/
6. http://www.utoronto.ca/
7. http://www.marquette.edu/
8. http://www.iteachilearn.com/
9. http://www.watesol.org/
10. http://lkolea.kcc.hawaii.edu/
11. http://book.google.com.my/

In conclusion, according to Online and Offline Writing Course in OTL book, the adoption is very important and this study has had an impact and decision-making. I hope that you enjoy my second posting and happy blogging. God bless you.

computerized Reading

Hello… hai nice to meet you in my blogs and I hope you in the pink now….whatever you feel now, I hope that you can enjoy in my blogs.

Firstly, I am very happy because can do these courses and can get a lot of knowledge about information and communication technology. Now, we know that ICT is very important especially to student and I want to take this chance to learn and gain knowledge so that I will be ready to face my future life soon. Many jobs now need their workers have knowledge and experience about technology because it will increase the productivity of company and I hope that I can master about information and communication technology and try do the best in this course. There are some types of computerized reading such as Incidental reading-all texts on screen whether oriented towards reading or not, user needs to read the text for real purpose, instruction, information, operational tasks, activity completion, Reading Comprehension, traditional question and answer programs, used for reading comprehension, grammar and vocabulary development, text Manipulation and manipulate continuous text involve the learner in close study of the content and structure of text.

So, my friend, Monaliza and I have doing some pair work for our first posting in our blogs and it about computerized reading. We cooperate each other to find some article and post the materials in our blogs and analyzed about the reading for instruction and information. We analyzed about ‘How to book a cheap flight’ and you can find any information about how to book a cheap flight in www.mahalo.com. There are several steps that you must to follow and doing before you want to book any flight for your journey so that you can save your money. The more flexible you are about when you travel, the more likely you ere to find a cheap fare. You must search in your departure or destination area to look a cheapers fares and if you see a fantastic flight deal, book immediately. Then, you must remember to sign up for emails alerts for deals on airliner websites and buying separate tickets for each leg of the trip to save you money. However, if one flight is delayed, you may have little recourse if you miss your next flight. If you will also need a hotel at your destination, booking a package vacation can save you money on both.

The first step is you must do research about the price before you want to book a flight so that you can save you money as well. Before you go looking for a good price, you must check if there are peak travel months for your destination, for example if you are traveling from the United States to Sydney, Australia, tickets prices are much more expensive from December to march than in July and August. Secondly, you must to clear your cookies or small files of information and please to see Mahalo’s How to Delete Web Browser Cookies. This cookies is about your user ID and preferences in order to figure out what airfares you have been researching. However, it will also erase whatever log-in your have stored on your computer for all websites, so make sure you remember your user names and passwords. You can clear your cookies in Firefox for the Mac, Windows or in Internet Explorer. Thirdly, you must to check fare-comparison sites to get the best airfare. You can go to Kayak, SideStep or Yahoo! Farechase and get a cheap airfare by checking the “Show Nearby Airports” boxes under the “From” and “To” fields. If you see a great deal, click on “Select” (in Kayak or SideStep) or “Go” (in Yahoo! FareChase). After you book, keep track of the fare to see if it drops. If you are flexible about your travel times and airlines, you can bid for a plane ticket on Priceline. Remember, they can book you to travel at any time in a 24-hout period, so this is only recommended for longer trips. Lastly, you can use an air courier service; the courier carries the documents or checks the items as their checked baggage and in return, the courier service pays part of the courier’s ticket price. You can visit in www.courier.org to register and the courier company will send you your itinerary and instructions on where to go and what to do.

If you need any informations, there are several links that can help you “How to Book a Cheap flight:
1. www.trabber.com (cheap flights search engine)
2. www.mahalo.com (How to get a passport)
3. www.airding.com (the ultimate airfare search tool)
4. www.howcast.com (How to find Cheap Airfare)
5. www.cfares.com (cheap tickets, cheap flights and airfare)
6. http://blog.guykawasaki.com
7. http://probargainhunter.com
8. www.planettickets.com
9. http://money.cnn.com
10. http://information.travel.oal.com
11. http://www.sayouwana.com
12. http://query.nytimes.com
13. www.washingtonpost.com
14. www.farecompare.com
15. www.independenttraveler.com
16. http://gigaom.com

It has been increasingly argued that computer technologies can support learning in a number of ways. Many features of the computer are considered to enhance vocabulary development and reading comprehension: multimedia is one of them. Multimedia refers to computer-based systems that use various types of content, such as text, audio, video, graphics, animation, and interactivity. The key concepts of multimedia are thus 'computer-based' and 'interactive'.Some research assessed the general value of ESL / EFL software programs for improving reading comprehension and vocabulary (AlKahtani, 1999; Busch, 2003; McGlinn and Parrish, 2002). More recent studies examined the effect of extended use of computers on reading achievement, the effect of computer instruction on reading rate and reading comprehension; the effects of multimedia software on reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition, as well as the relationship between vocabulary development and reading comprehension (Singhal, 1998: 2-6). Most research on vocabulary acquisition and CALL has focused on the effects of multimedia glosses, and the same is true for reading comprehension, since vocabulary and reading are closely and reciprocally related.

This reciprocal relationship also accounts for the fact that many research studies on vocabulary development and CALL also examine reading comprehension, and vice versa.Besides that, multimedia is a great instructional component not only for vocabulary instruction, but also for reading comprehension, as some of the research presented above has suggested. The positive effect that multimedia has on reading comprehension comes, according to Busch (2003: 278), from the great advantage that online readers have over traditional printed readers: the possibility to enhance computerized texts with glosses in multimedia format.

This reading about how to book a cheap flight and there are several steps that can help us to book a cheap flight. Other than that, these articles also give many links that can help us to find much information about how to book a cheap flight. The instruction is easy to understand and it follows systematically so that our traveling does not have any problem soon. This reading also more than gives instruction for us about how to book a cheap flight because its give some steps how to book a cheap flight. Other than that, this article also gives other information such as how to get a passport and how to find cheap airfare but all this have link each other. We just click and visit the website to get any information about how to book a cheap flight because it can add our information and can choose the cheap flight so that we can save our money during have a traveling in everywhere places in the world. Besides that, I identified that this reading has presented by graphics and pictures, and its help me to develop my grammar and vocabulary. So, you can use this articles to help you to book a cheap flight and enjoy your traveling with any problem. Hope you enjoy to read my blogs and can get more information according to the articles.

To conclude, there is a reciprocal relationship between vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension. The better the students' vocabulary knowledge is, the better they perform with reading comprehension tasks. Similarly, the more the students read using the appropriate skills and strategies, the more their vocabulary develops. Multimedia plays an important part in both vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension; therefore, instructors should be aware of the potential benefits of integrating technology in the language classroom.Thank you and happy blogging. See you next posting. Bye and God bless you……..